Vocabulary # 12 - Earth's Changing Crust

Fault: a crack in the crust , whose sides show evidence of motion.

    

Geologist: a scientist who studies Earth.

 

Magma: hot, molten rock deep below Earth's surface.

  

Lava: magma that reaches Earth's surface.

  

Weathering: the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces.



Erosion: the picking up and carrying away of pieces of rock.

     

Deposition: the dropping off of bits of eroded rock.



Meteorite: a chunk of rock from spce that strikes a surface (such as Earth or the Moon)

  

Vocabulary #11 - Earth and Its Neighbors

Solar system: the Sunan the objects that are traveling around it.



Planet: any of th nine large bodies that travel around the Sun and shine by reflecting its light.



Gravity: a force of attraction, or pull, between any object and any other objects around it.

    

Inertia: the tendency of a moving object to keep moving in a straight line.

 

Lithosphere: the hard, outer layer of Earth, about 100 kilometers thick.



Crust: the rocky surface that makes up the top of the lithosphere.



Resource: any material that makes up the top of the lithosphere.



Hydrosphere: Earth's water.

Vocabulary # 10

Kinetic energy: the energy of a moving object.


Potential Energy: energy stored in an object or material.

      

Conduction: movement of energy from a hot object that comes into contact with a cooler object; the material remains in place.

    

Convection: movement of energy by the flow of matter from place to place.

  

Radiation: movement of energy in the form of waves that can travel through empty space.

  

Wet cell battery: a battery containing liquid solution that produces the electric current.

    
Dry cell battery: a battery that uses "dry chemicals" to produce an electric current.

 

Vocabulary # 9 -Chemical Change

Physical change: a change in size, shape, or state, without forming a new substance.



Chemical change: a change in matter that produces a new substance with different properties from original.



Chemical reaction: a chemical change of original substances into one or more new substances.



Reactant: one of the original substances before a chemical reaction takes place.



Product: one of the new substances produced when a chemical reaction takes place.

   

Vocabulary No. 8

Mixture:  two or more parts blended together yet keeping their own properties and not turning into a new substance.

 
 
Solution: a mixture in which substances are completely blended so that the properties are the same throughout  and the bustances stay blended.

 

Suspension:  a mixture of substances that separate upon standing.

 

Colloid:  particles (or droplets) large enough to block out light spread throughout another  substance.

 

Emulsion:  a liquid spread through another  liquid.



Aerosol:  liquid drops or solid particles spread through a gas.



Gel:  a solid spread through a liquid



Foam:  a gas spread through a liquid or solid.